Scientific Literature
This section lists a selection of (recent) scientific literature references focussing on Pelargoniumspecies, their morphology and taxonomy. Numbers in square brackets refer to the author's library catalogue entry (please write if you'd like a copy). Where available Open Access, the original publication is added and the relevant Creative Commons license cited. For a list of books and monographs, please see below.

1. Agnew A. D. Q. (1967), Contributions to the Flora of Iraq: IV: Notes on the Geraniaceae of Iraq, with a New
   Species of Pelargonium. Kew Bulletin 21, 225-227. [P111]
2. Albers F., Becker M. (2010), Phylogeny and speciation in succulent Geraniaceae (Geraniales). Schumannia 6, 59-68.
3. Albers F., van der Walt J. J. A., Gibby M., Marschewski D. E., van der Merwe A. M., Marais E. M., Bakker F. T., Culham A. (2000), Biosystematic study of Pelargonium section Ligularia: 4. The section Ligularia sensu stricto. South African Journal of Botany 66, 31-43. [DOI] [CC-BY]
4. Albers F., van der Walt J. J. A., Gibby M. (1995), A biosystematic study of Pelargonium section Ligularia .2. Reappraisal of section Chorisma. South African Journal of Botany 61, 339-346. [DOI] [CC-BY]
5. Albers F., van der Walt J. J. A. (1992), Karyological and chemotaxonomical studies of the hybrid Pelargonium incarnatum x P. patulum (Geraniaceae) and its parents. Plant Systematics and Evolution 183, 161-167.
6. Albers F., Gibby M., Austmann M. (1992), A reappraisal of Pelargonium section Ligularia (Geraniaceae). Plant Systematics and Evolution 179, 257-276.
7. Albers F. (1990), Comparative karyological studies in Geraniaceae on family, genus and section level. Vorster P. J. (Ed.), Proceedings of the International Geraniaceae Symposium, University of Stellenbosch, pp. 112-122.
8. Albers F., van der Walt J. J. A. (1984), Untersuchungen zur Karyologie und Mikrosporogenese von Pelargonium sect. Pelargonium (Geraniaceae). Pl. Syst. Evol. 147, 177-188.
9. Bakker F. T., Culham A., Marais A. B. de, Gibby M. (2005), Nested radiation in Cape Pelargonium. In: Plant species-level systematics : New perspectives on pattern & process, Bakker F. T., Chatrou L. W. (Eds.), Koeltz scientific books (Regnum Vegetabile 143), pp. 75-100.
10. Bakker F. T., Culham A., Hettiarachi P., Touloumenidou T., Gibby M. (2004), Phylogeny of Pelargonium (Geraniaceae) based on DNA sequences from three genomes. Taxon 53, 17-28.
11. Bakker F. T., Culham A., Pankhurst C. E., Gibby M. (2000), Mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA based phylogeny of Pelargonium (Geraniaceae). American Journal of Botany 87, 727-734.
12. Bakker F. T., Culham A., Daugherty L. C., Gibby M. (1999), A trnL-F based phylogeny for species of Pelargonium (Geraniaceae) with small chromosomes. Plant Systematics and Evolution 216, 309-324.
13. Bakker F. T., Hellbrügge D., Culham A., Gibby M. (1998), Phylogenetic relationships within Pelargonium sect. Peristera (Geraniaceae) inferred from nrDNA and cpDNA sequence comparisons. Plant Systematics and Evolution 211, 273-287.
14. Bakker F. T., Culham A., Gibby M. (1996), Molecular phylogenetic relationships within Pelargonium section Peristera (Geraniaceae). American Journal of Botany 83, 138-139.
15. Bauer H., Treutter D. (1990) Identification of Pelargonium genotypes by phenolic fingerprints. 2. Cultivar identification by HPLC analysis of leaf phenols combined with discriminant analysis. Gartenbauwissenschaft 55, 187-191.
16. Becker M., Albers F. (in press), Taxonomy and phylogeny of two subgroups of Pelargonium section Otidia (Geraniaceae). 1. The Pelargonium parviflorum complex. Bothalia.
17. Becker M., Albers F. (2010), Pollinator shift and speciation in Pelargonium alternans (Geraniaceae). Schumannia 6, 59-68.
18. Becker M., Albers F. (2009), Taxonomy and phylogeny of two subgroups of Pelargonium section Otidia (Geraniaceae). 1. The Pelargonium carnosum complex. Bothalia 39, 73-85. [CC-BY]
19. Becker M. (2008), Pelargonium albersii, a new species of Pelargonium section Otidia (Geraniaceae). Schumannia 5, 157-168.
20. Becker M., Albers F. (2008), Revision of the 'P. crithmifolium group' of Pelargonium section Otidia (Geraniaceae) including the description of the new species P. anauris. Schumannia 5, 169-180.
21. Becker M., Schäper K., Albers F. (2008), Description of two new taxa of Pelargonium section Otidia (Geraniaceae), P. keeromsbergense and P. laxum ssp. karooicum. Schumannia 5, 181-190.
22. Becker M, Albers F. (2007), Pelargonium dasycaulon (Geraniaceae) – eine vergessene Art, Kakteen und andere Sukkulenten, 58, 239-240.  
23. Becker M., Albers F. (2005), Was is Pelargonium parviflorum? Avonia 23, 31-39.
24. Becker M., Albers F. (2005a), Pelargonium adriaanii (Geraniaceae), a new species from the Northern Cape Province, South Africa. Bot. Jahrb. 126:153-161.
    
25. Brown N. A. C., van Staden J., Daws M. I., Johnson T. (2003), Patterns in the seed germination response to smoke in plants from the Cape Floristic Region, South Africa. South African Journal of Botany 69, 514-525. [DOI] [CC-BY]
26. Carolin R. C. (1961), The genus Pelargonium L'Hér. ex Ait. in Australia. Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. 86, 280-294.
    
27. Chow T. W., Harney P. M. (1967), Biosystematics of Pelargonium - crossability and morphological studies in subgenus Ciconium. Canadian Journal of Genetics and Cytology 9, 658.
28. Coetzee N., van der Walt J. J. A., Marais E. M. (1994), The identity of a natural hybrid of Pelargonium (Geraniaceae). South African Journal of Botany 60, 1-4. [DOI] [CC-BY]
29. Coetzee N., van der Walt J. J. A. (1992), Three varieties of Pelargonium patulum (Geraniaceae). South African Journal of Botany 58, 77-82. [DOI] [CC-BY]
30. Coffin J. L., Harney P. M. (1978), Intersubgeneric crosses within the genus Pelargonium. Euphytica 27, 567-576.
31. Combs, J.K., Pauw, A. (2009), Preliminary evidence that the long-proboscid fly, Philoliche gulosa, pollinates Disa karooica and its proposed Batesian model Pelargonium stipulaceum. South African Journal of Botany 75, 757–761. [DOI] [CC-BY]
32. Craib C. (2001), Pelargonium nephrophyllum: Geraniaceae. Curtis's Botanical Magazine 18, 149-152.
33. Craib C., Condy, G. (2001), Pelargonium oblongatum: Geraniaceae. Flowering Plants of Africa 57, 76-80.
34. Daker M. G., (1969), Chromosome number of Pelargonium species and cultivars. J. Roy. Hort. Soc. 94, 346-353.
35. Dyer, R. A. (1957), Pelargonium jacobii. Bothalia 6, 432, 450.
36. Dyer, R. A. (1932), Notes on the Flora of Southern Africa: II. New or Noteworthy Plants. Kew Bull, no. 9, 443-450. [P113]
37. de Marie E. (1990), A case for the transfer of three Pelargonium species from section Ligularia to section Ciconium. Hystrix 2, 5-8.
38. Dreyer L. L., Marais E. M. (2000), Section Reniformia, a new section in the genus Pelargonium (Geraniaceae). South African Journal of Botany 66, 44-51. [DOI] [CC-BY]
39. Dreyer L. L., Marais E. M., van der Walt J. J. A. (1995), A subspecific division of Pelargonium reniforme Curt (Geraniaceae), South African Journal of Botany 61, 325-330. [DOI] [CC-BY]
40. Dreyer L. L., Marais E. M., van der Walt J. J. A. (1993), Pelargonium worcesterae - a neglected species. South African Journal of Botany 59, 69-73. [DOI] [CC-BY]
41. Dreyer L. L., Albers F., van der Walt J. J. A., Marschewski D. E. (1992), Subdivision of Pelargonium section Cortusina (Geraniaceae). Plant Systematics and Evolution 183, 83-97.
42. Dreyer L. L., van der Walt J. J. A. (1991), Geraniaceae - the correct author citation for Pelargonium section Cortusina. Bothalia 21, 157. [CC-BY]
43. Dreyer L. L., van der Walt J. J. A. (1990), A new species of Pelargonium from the Eastern Transvaal. South African Journal of Botany 56, 65-67. [DOI] [CC-BY]
44. Geerts S., Pauw A. (2009), Hyper-specialization for long-billed bird pollination in a guild of South
    African plants: the Malachite Sunbird pollination syndrome. South African Journal of Botany 75, 699-706. [DOI] [CC-BY]
45. Gibby M., Hinnah S., Marais E. M. (1996), Cytological variation anti evolution within Pelargonium section Hoarea (Geraniaceae). Plant Systematics and Evolution 203, 111-142.
46. Gibby M., Albers F., Prinsloo B. (1990), Karyological studies in Pelargonium sections Ciconium, Dibrachya, and Jenkinsonia (Geraniaceae). Plant Systematics and Evolution 170, 151-159.
47. Gibby M. (1990), Cytological and morphological variation within Pelargonium alchemilloides s.l. (Geraniaceae). Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg 23b, 707-722.
48. Gibby M. (1989), Pelargonium ranunculophyllum (Geraniaceae) in Southern Africa. South African Journal of Botany 55, 539-542. [DOI] [CC-BY]
49. Gibby M., Westfold J. (1986), A cytological study of Pelargonium sect. Eumorpha (Geraniaceae). Plant Systematics and Evolution 153, 205–222.
50. Harney P. M., Chow T. W. (1971), Crossability between some Pelargonium species. Euphytica 20, 286.
51. Hellbrugge D., Albers F., Vorster P. (1996), A new small-flowered pelargonium species (Geraniaceae) from the Western Cape Province, South Africa. South African Journal of Botany 62, 143-145. [DOI] [CC-BY]
52. Horn W. (1994), Interspecific crossability and inheritance in Pelargonium. Plant Breeding 113, 3-17.
53. Johnson M. A. T., Özhatay N. (1988), The Distribution and Cytology of Turkish Pelargonium (Geraniaceae). Kew Bulletin 43, 139-148. [P112]
54. Jones C. S., Martínez-Cabrera H. I., Nicotra A. B., Mocko K., Marais E. M., Schlichting C. D. (2013), Phylogenetic influences on leaf trait integration in Pelargonium (Geraniaceae): Convergence, divergence, and historical adaptation to a rapidly changing climate. American Journal of Botany 100, 1306-1321.
55. Jones C. S., Price R. A. (1996), Diversity and evolution of seedling Baupläne in Pelargonium (Geraniaceae). Aliso 14, 281–295.
56. Kokwaro J. O. (1971), The family Geraniaceae in north-east tropical Africa. Webbia 25, 623-669. [P63]
    
57. Lavranos J. J., Craib C. L., Condy, G. (1995), Pelargonium hystrix. Flowering Plants of Africa 54, 42-46.
58. LisBalchin M. (1997), A chemotaxonomic study of the Pelargonium (Geraniaceae) species and their modern cultivars. Journal of Horticultural Science 72, 791-795.
59. LisBalchin M. T. (1996). A chemotaxonomic reappraisal of the section Ciconium, Pelargonium (Geraniaceae). South African Journal of Botany 62, 277-279. [DOI] [CC-BY]
60. Maggs G. L., Vorster P., van der Walt J. J. A., Gibby M. (1999), Taxonomy of the genus Pelargonium (Geraniaceae): The section Polyactium 3. The subsection Polyactium. South African Journal of Botany 65, 115-143. [DOI] [CC-BY]
61. Maggs G. L., Vorster P., van der Walt, J. J. A. (1995a), Taxonomy of the genus Pelargonium (Geraniaceae) - The section Polyactium. 1. Circumscription and intrasectional classification. South African Journal of Botany 61, 53-59. [DOI] [CC-BY]
62. Maggs G. L., Vorster P., van der Walt J. J. A. (1995b), Taxonomy of the genus Pelargonim (Geraniaceae) - The Section Polyactium. 2. The Subsection Caulescentia. South African Journal of Botany 61, 173-179.  [DOI] [CC-BY]
63. Manning J.C., le Roux A. (2016), Pelargonium conradiae (Geraniaceae), a new species in section Ligularia from Worcester, Western Cape, South Africa. South African Journal of Botany 105, 313–316. [P109]
    
64. Manning J. C., Euston-Brown D. I. W., Magee A. R. (2015), Pelargonium uliginosum (Geraniaceae: section Hoarea), a new species from Western Cape, South Africa, and an updated key to the species of the P. dipetalum group. South African Journal of Botany 97, 204-207. [P13] [DOI] [CC-BY]
65. Manning J. C., Goldblatt P. (2012), Pelargonium saxatile (Geraniaceae: section Hoarea), a new species from the southwestern Cape, South Africa, and a key to the species of the P. dipetalum group. South African Journal of Botany 78, 266-269. [DOI] [CC-BY]
66. Manning J. C., Goldblatt P. (2011), Pelargonium elandsmontanum (Geraniaceae: section Hoarea), a new species from the Western Cape Province, South Africa. South African Journal of Botany 77, 241-243. [DOI] [CC-BY]
67. Marais E. M. (2016), Five new species of Pelargonium, section Hoarea (Geraniaceae), from the Western and Northern Cape Provinces of South Africa. South African Journal of Botany 103, 145-155. [P107]
68. Marais E. M. (2014), One name change and three new species of Pelargonium, section Hoarea (Geraniaceae) from the Western Cape Province. South African Journal of Botany 90, 118-127. [DOI] [CC-BY]
69. Marais E. M. (2005), Differences between Pelargonium moniliforme (Geraniaceae) and the closely related P. vinaceum. South African Journal of Botany, 71, 221-227. [DOI] [CC-BY]
70. Marais E. M., Condy, G. (2001), Pelargonium radicatum: Geraniaceae. Flowering Plants of Africa 57, 82-85.
71. Marais E. M. (1999), The taxonomic position of Pelargonium appendiculatum (Geraniaceae). [DOI] [CC-BY]
72. Marais E. M. (1999), New species of Pelargonium (Geraniaceae) from Namaqualand. South African Journal of Botany 65, 50-58. [DOI] [CC-BY] 
73. Marais E. M. (1998), Pelargonium githagineum (Geraniaceae), a new species from the Roggeveld plateau and Matjiesfontein area. South African Journal of Botany 64, 308-311. [DOI] [CC-BY]
74. Marais E. M. (1997b), Three new species of Pelargonium (Geraniaceae) from Namaqualand. South African Journal of Botany 63, 82-89. [DOI] [CC-BY] 
75. Marais E. M. (1997a), Name changes in Pelargonium, section Hoarea (Geraniaceae). South African Journal of Botany 63, 68-73. [DOI] [CC-BY]
76. Marais E. M. (1996a), Pelargonium tripalmatum (Geraniaceae), a new species from the Richtersveld. South African Journal of Botany 62, 225-227. [DOI] [CC-BY]
77. Marais E. M. (1996b), Pelargonium glabriphyllum (Geraniaceae), a new species from the Nieuwoudtville area. South African Journal of Botany 62, 228-230. [DOI] [CC-BY]
78. Marais E. M. (1995), Four species of Pelargonium, section Hoarea (Geraniaceae) and their possible relationships. South African Journal of Botany 61, 90-100. [DOI] [CC-BY]
79. Marais E. M., Condy, G. (1995), Pelargonium punctatum. Flowering Plants of Africa 54, 36-37, 39-40.
80. Marais E. M. (1994b), Two new species of Pelargonium (Geraniaceae) from the Western Cape. South African Journal of Botany 60, 333-339. [DOI] [CC-BY]
81. Marais E. M. (1993), A taxonomic revision of the Pelargonium pinnatum species complex (Geraniaceae). South African Journal of Botany 59, 123-134. [DOI] [CC-BY]
82. Marais E. M. (1992), Pelargonium nephrophyllum (Geraniaceae), a new species from the South-Western Cape. South African Journal of Botany 58, 220-223. [DOI] [CC-BY]
83. Marais E. M. (1991), Four new species of Pelargonium (Geraniaceae) from the Western Cape province. South African Journal of Botany 57, 55-66. [DOI] [CC-BY]
84. Marais E. M. (1990), Pelargonium torulosum (Geraniaceae) - a new species from the South-Western Cape province, South Africa. South African Journal of Botany 56, 565-570. [P51] [DOI] [CC-BY]
85. Marais E. M. (1989), Delimitation and typification of the section Hoarea of Pelargonium (Geraniaceae). South African Journal of Botany 55, 240-242. [DOI] [CC-BY]
86. Martínez-Cabrera H. I., Schlichting C. D., Silander J. A., Jones C. S. (2012), Low levels of climate niche conservatism may explain clade diversity patterns in the South African genus Pelargonium (Geraniaceae). American Journal of Botany 99, 954-960.
87. Merxmüller H. (1964), Pelargonium ceratophyllum. Mitt. Bot. StSamml. Münch. 5, 234-235.
88. Meve U., Schmiedel U., Marais E. M. (2000), Pelargonium quarciticola (Geraniaceae), a new species from the Knersvlakte. South African Journal of Botany 66, 96-98. [DOI] [CC-BY]
89. McDonald D. J., van der Walt J. J. A. (1992), Observations on the pollination of Pelargonium tricolor, section Campylia (Geraniaceae). South African Journal of Botany 58, 386-392. [DOI] [CC-BY]
90. Neubauer H. F. (1972), Structure of petioles of Pelargonium. Osterreichische Botanische Zeitschrift 120, 391.
91. Neubauer H. F. (1971), Leaf base and stem nodes of Pelargonium. Osterreichische Botanische Zeitschrift 119, 141.
92. Nordenstam B. (1987), Pelargonium caroli-henrici (Geraniaceae), a new species from the Western Cape Province. Plant Systematics and Evolution 155, 333-337.
93. Olivier M. C., van der Walt J. J. A. (1984), The taxonomy of the Pelargonium peltatum (L.) L'Herit. complex. Journal of South African Botany 50, 1-14.
94. Oosthuizen L.-M., Coetzee J. (1984), Trichome initiation during leaf growth in Pelargonium scabrum. South African Journal of Botany 3, 50-54. [DOI] [CC-BY]
95. Oosthuizen L.-M., Coetzee J. (1983), Morphogenesis of trichomes of Pelargonium scabrum. South African Journal of Botany 2, 305-310. [DOI] [CC-BY]
96. Retief E., Craib C., Condy G. (2007), Pelargonium schlechteri. Flowering Plants of Africa 60, 84-85, 87-88.
97. Rogers, O. M. (1987), Ethephon overcomes seed scarification requirements of Pelargonium. Acta Horticulturae 201, 165-170.
98. Röschenbleck J., Albers F., Müller K., Weinl S., Kudla J. (2014), Phylogenetics, character evolution and a subgeneric revision of the genus Pelargonium (Geraniaceae). Phytotaxa 159, 31-76.
99. Roux J. P. (2013a), Pelargonium pachypodium (section Otidia), a new species from Northern Cape, South Africa. Bothalia 43, 230-233. [CC-BY]
100. Roux J. P. (2013b), Validating Pelargonium sect. Reniformia. Bothalia 43, 233. [CC-BY]
101. le Roux M. M., Manning J. C. (2014), A new long-tubed subspecies of Pelargonium dipetalum (section Hoarea) (Geraniaceae) from the Albertinia-Swellendam area in Western Cape Province, South Africa. Bothalia 44, Art. #8. [DOI] [CC-BY]
102. Scheltema A. G., van der Walt J. J. A. (1990), Taxonomic revision of Pelargonium section Jenkinsonia (Geraniaceae) in Southern Africa. South African Journal of Botany 56, 285-302. [DOI] [CC-BY]
103. Stafford P. J., Gibby. M. (1992), Pollen morphology of the genus Pelargonium (Geraniaceae). Revues in Paleobotany and Palynology 71, 79-109.
104. Struck M. (1997), Floral divergence and convergence in the genus Pelargonium (Geraniaceae) in southern Africa: ecological and evolutionary considerations. Plant Systematics and Evolution 208, 71-97. 
105. Tilney-Basset R. A. E. (1963), Genetics and plastid physiology in Pelargonium. Heredity 18, 485-504.
106. Touloumenidou T., Bakker F. T., Marais E. M., Albers F. (2004), Chromosomal evolution interpreted from the rDNA ITS phylogeny for Pelargonium sect. Hoarea (Geraniaceae). Schumannia 4, 93-106.
107. van der Walt J. J. A., Albers F., Gibby M., Marschewski D. E., Hellbrugge D., Price R. A., van der Merwe A. M. (1997), Biosystematic study of Pelargonium section Ligularia. 3. Reappraisal of section Jenkinsonia. South African Journal of Botany 63, 4-21. [DOI] [CC-BY]
108. van der Walt J. J. A., Albers F., Gibby M. (1995), A biosystematic study of Pelargonium section Ligularia .1. A new section Subsucculentia. South African Journal of Botany 61, 331-338. [DOI] [CC-BY]
109. van der Walt J. J. A. (1994), A new species of Pelargonium - section Campylia (Geraniaceae). South African Journal of Botany 60, 144-148. [DOI] [CC-BY]
110. van der Walt J. J. A., Roux J. P. (1991), Taxonomy and phylogeny of Pelargonium section Campylia (Geraniaceae). South African Journal of Botany 57, 291-293. [DOI] [CC-BY]
111. van der Walt J. J. A., Venter H. J. T., Verhoeven R., Dreyer L. L. (1990), The transfer of Erodium incarnatum to the genus Pelargonium (Geraniaceae). South African Journal of Botany 56, 560-564. [DOI] [CC-BY]
112. van der Walt J. J. A., McDonald D. J., van Wyk N. (1990), A new species of Pelargonium with notes on its ecology and pollination biology. South African Journal of Botany 56, 467-470. [DOI] [CC-BY]
113. van der Walt J. J. A., Albers F., Gibby M. (1990), Delimitation of Pelargonium section Glaucophyllum (Geraniaceae). Plant Systematics and Evolution 171, 15-26.
114. van der Walt J. J. A., Demarne F. (1988), Pelargonium graveolens and Pelargonium radens - a comparison of their morphology and essential oils. South African Journal of Botany 54, 617-622. [DOI] [CC-BY] 
115. van der Walt J. J. A., van Zyl L. (1988), A taxonomic revision of Pelargonium section Campylia (Geraniaceae). South African Journal of Botany 54, 145-171. [DOI] [CC-BY]
116. van der Walt J. J. A., Werker E., Fahn A. (1987), Wood anatomy of Pelargonium (Geraniaceae), IAWA Bulletin 8, 95-108.
117. van der Walt J. J. A., Boucher D. A. (1986), A taxonomic revision of the section Myrrhidium of Pelargonium (Geraniaceae) in southern Africa. South African Journal of Botany 52, 438-462. [DOI] [CC-BY]
118. van der Walt J. J. A. (1985), A taxonomic revision of the type section of Pelargonium L'Herit. (Geraniaceae). Bothalia 15, 345-385. [CC-BY]
119. van der Walt J. J. A. (1984), A new species of Pelargonium (Geraniaceae) from the Southwestern Cape. South African Journal of Botany 3, 256-258. [DOI] [CC-BY]
120. van der Walt J. J. A. (1983), The type section of the genus Pelargonium. South African Journal of Botany 2, 257.
121. van der Walt J. J. A., Vorster P. J. (1983), Phytogeography of Pelargonium. Bothalia 14, 517-523. [CC-BY]
122. van der Walt J. J. A., Vorster P. J. (1981b), Miscellaneous notes on the genus Pelargonium. Bothalia 13, 431-433. [CC-BY]
123. van der Walt J. J. A., Vorster P. J. (1981a), Typification of the genus Pelargonium L'Herit. (Family Geraniaceae). Taxon 30, 307.
124. van der Walt J. J. A.,  Vorster P. J. (1980), Name changes in Pelargonium (Geraniaceae). J. S. Afr. Bot. 46, 283-292.
125. van Jaarsveld E. J., van Wyk A. E. (2006), Pelargonium vanderwaltii, a new cliff-dwelling species from the Otjihipa Mountains, Northern Namibia. Aloe 43, 32-34. [P108]
126. van Wyk C. M., van der Walt J. J. A. (1995), Three Subspecies of Pelargonium laevigatum (Geraniaceae). Bothalia 25, 133-139. [CC-BY]
127. Venter H. J. T., Verhoeven R. L. (1990), The genus Erodium in southern Africa. South African Journal of Botany 56, 79-92. [DOI] [CC-BY]
128. Verdcourt B. (1968), A New Pelargonium from the Somali Republic. Kew Bulletin 22, 428. [P110]
129. Verhoeven R. L., Venter H. J. T. (1987), Pollen morphology of Erodium in southern Africa. South African Journal of Botany 53, 279-283. [DOI] [CC-BY]
130. Victor J. E., Aphane M. (2014), Taxonomic status of Pelargonium reniforme Curt. Bothalia 44, Art. #173. [DOI] [CC-BY]
131. Volschenk B., van der Walt J. J. A., Vorster P. J. (1982), The subspecies of Pelargonium cucullatum (Geraniaceae). Bothalia 45-51. [CC-BY]
132. Vorster P. (1996), Pelargonium redactum (Geraniaceae): A new species from the Northern Cape Province and Namibia. South African Journal of Botany 62, 54-56. [DOI] [CC-BY]
133. Vorster P; Friis P. (1995), Geraniaceae - Lectotypifiaction of Pelargonium multibracteatum. Bothalia 25, 102-104. [CC-BY]
134. Vorster P., Gilbert M. G. (1993), Pelargonium wonchiense (Geraniaceae) - a new species from Ethiopia. Nordic Journal of Botany 13, 395-398.
135. Vorster P., Maggs G. L. (1992), Geraniaceae - typification of Pelargonium section Polyactium. Bothalia 22, 195. [CC-BY]
136. Vorster P. (1990), Taxonomy of Pelargonium: Review of the section Otidia, Proceedings of the international Geraniaceae Symposium, University of Stellenbosch 24-26 Sep, pp. 281-294.
137. Vorster P. (1988), Geraniaceae - the correct author citation for Pelargonium section Otidia. Bothalia 18, 186. [CC-BY]
138. Vorster P. (1987a), Name change - Pelargonium minimum (Geraniaceae), the correct name for Pelargonium fumaroides. South African Journal of Botany 53, 184-185. [DOI] [CC-BY]
139. Vorster P. (1987b), The identities of Pelargonium ramosissimum and Pelargonium tragacanthoides (Geraniaceae). South African Journal of Botany 53, 65-70. [DOI] [CC-BY]
140. Vorster P. (1987c), Pelargonium divisifolium (Geraniaceae) - a new species from the Southwestern Cape Province. South African Journal of Botany 53, 71-74. [DOI] [CC-BY]
141. Vorster P. (1986a), Pelargonium exhibens (Geraniaceae) - a new species from the Eastern Cape Province. South African Journal of Botany 52, 481-484. [DOI] [CC-BY]
142. Vorster P. (1986b), Name changes - Pelargonium nanum (Geraniaceae) and its synonims. South African Journal of Botany 52, 383-384. [DOI] [CC-BY]
143. Vorster P. (1986c), Name change - Pelargonium trifidum (Geraniaceae), the correct name for Pelargonium tripartitum and Pelargonium fragile. South African Journal of Botany 52, 268 [DOI] [CC-BY]
144. Vorster P. (1986d), Pelargonium desertorum (Geraniaceae) - a new species from the Northwestern Cape Province. South African Journal of Botany 52, 184-186. [DOI] [CC-BY]
145. Vorster P. (1985), Typification of Geranium lobatum, basionym of Pelargonium lobatum. South African Journal of Botany 51, 347-349. [DOI] [CC-BY]
146. Vorster P. (1983), Two new species of Pelargonium L'Herit. (Geraniaceae) from South Africa. South African Journal of Botany 2, 76-81. [DOI] [CC-BY]
147. Williams C. A., Newman M., Gibby M. (2000), The application of leaf phenolic evidence for systematic studies within the genus Pelargonium (Geraniaceae). Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 28, 119-132.
148. Yu S. N., Horn W. A. H. (1988), Additional chromosome numbers in Pelargonium (Geraniaceae), Plant Systematics and Evolution 159, 165-171.
149. Zeitsman P. C. (1993), Pollination in Pelargonium dolomiticum Knuth (Geraniacee). South African Journal of Botany 59, 259-264. [DOI] [CC-BY]

Books and Monographs
This section focuses on books, both technical/taxonomic and horticultural. There is significantly more literature available on Pelargonium cultivars.

1. Armitage, A. M.: "Seed-propagated geraniums and regal geraniums : production guidelines and future concerns", Timber Press, Portland, OR, 1992.
2. Bagust, H.: "Miniature geraniums", Gifford, London, 1968. 
3. Bagust, H.: "Miniature and dwarf geraniums (Pelargoniums)", rev. ed., C. Helm, London, 1988. 
4. Becker, J., Brawner, F.: "Scented geraniums : knowing, growing, and enjoying scented pelargoniums", Interweave Press, Loveland, Colo., 1996. 
5. Bennett, M.: "Geraniums : the successful grower's guide", Hippocrene Books, New York, 1972. 
6. Butterfield, H. M.: "Geraniums and pelargoniums for the home garden", University of California, Berkeley, 1953. 
7. Clark, D. W. H.: "The Oakleigh guide to geraniums (pelargoniums) : a general introduction", Oakleigh Publications, Alresford, England, 1986. 
8. Clark, D. W. H.: "Pelargoniums", Timber Press, Portland, Or., 1988. 
9. Clifford, D. P.: "Geraniums", E. Benn, London, 1953.  
10. Clifford, D. P.: "Pelargoniums, including the popular 'geranium'", Blandford Press, London, 1958. 
11. Clifford, D. P.: "Pelargoniums, including the popular 'geranium'", 2nd ed., Blandford Press, London, 1970. 
12. Clifton, R. T. F.: "Geranium family species check list", ed. 4, Geraniaceae Group, Dover, England, 1994. Pt. 1. Erodium; pt. 2. Geranium; pt. 3. Monsonia; pt. 4. Pelargonium; pt. 5. Sarcocaulon; pt. 6. Superceded genera; pt. 7. Hypseocharis. 
13. Clifton, W. A. R.: "The geranium, its history and cultivation", 2nd ed. (rev.), B.H. Gadd, Worthing, 1935(?).  
14. Clifton, W. A. R.: "The geranium: its history and cultivation", 5th ed., Crowther & Willis, Chichester, 1945. 
15. Conder, S.: "The complete geranium : cultivation, cooking, and crafts", 1st ed., Crown Publishers, Inc., New York, N.Y., 1992. 
16. Cooke, B.: "Pelargoniums", 1998.  
17. Craib, C.: "Observations on the ecology of South African Geraniaceae, and hints on their cultivation. Part 1.", Hystrix Natural History and Cultivation Series 1, 1992. 
18. Craib, C.: "Observations on the ecology of South African Geraniaceae, and hints on their cultivation. Part 2.", Hystrix Natural History and Cultivation Series 1, 1992. 
19. Craib, C.: "Geophytic Pelargoniums. Field and Cultivation Studies of Pelargonium section Hoarea", Umdaus Press, 2001. 
20. Cross, J. E.: "The book of the geranium", Saturn Press, London, 1951.  
21. Cross, J. E.: "Pelargoniums for all purposes", W. H. & L. Collingridge, London, 1965.  
22. Eggli, U. (Ed.): "Illustrated Handbook of Succulent Plants. Dicotyledons", Springer, Berlin, 2002. (Pelargonium species treated in the Geraniaceae section by F. Albers). 
23. Esser, M.: "Pelargoniums", Rebo Productions, Lisse, 1998. ISBN 9039602514. 
24. Fogg, H. G. W. "Geranium growing", W. & G. Foyle, London, 1955.  
25. Fogg, H. G. W.: "Geraniums and pelargoniums", J. Gifford, London, 1964.  
26. Fogg, H. G. W.: "Geraniums and pelargoniums", J. Gifford, London, 1975. 
27. Horst, R. K., Nelson P. E.: "Diseases of geraniums", Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y., 1985. 
28. Key, H.: "Pelargoniums", 3rd ed., Cassell, London, 1993. ISBN 0304320374.  
29. Krauss, H. K.: "Geraniums for home and garden", Macmillan, New York, 1955.  
30. Marais E. M. (1994a), Taxonomic Studies in Pelargonium, Section Hoarea (Geraniaceae), PhD Thesis, University of Stellenbosch.
31. Mastalerz, J. W., Holcomb, E. J. (Eds.): "Geraniums: a manual on the culture of geraniums as a greenhouse crop", 3rd ed., Pennsylvania Flower Growers, University Park, PA, 1982.  
32. Miller, Diana: "Pelargoniums, a gardener's guide to the species and their cultivars and hybrids", Batsford Ltd., London, 1996.  
33. Moore, R.: "In vitro propagation of geranium", Avery's plant tissue culture series, Avery Publishing Group, Wayne, NJ, 1985.  
34. Narayana, M. R.: "Cultivation of geranium for its oil in India", rev. ed., Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 1990.  
35. Proudlock, H. P.: "Pelargoniums, including geraniums", Lothian Pub. Co., Melbourne, 1969. 
36. Riedmiller, A.: "Geranien, Pelargonien", Gräfe und Unzer, München, 1988.  
37. Riedmiller, A.: "Geranien, Pelargonien", 2nd ed., Gräfe und Unzer, München, 1990. 
38. Riedmiller, A.: "Geranien, Pelargonien", 3rd ed., Gräfe und Unzer, München, 1992. 
39. Scharff, J.: "Geraniums", T.F.H. Publications, Jersey City, N.J., 1962.  
40. Schulz, P.: "All about geraniums", Doubleday, Garden City, NY, 1965. 
41. Shellard, A.: "Geraniums for home and garden", David & Charles, Newton Abbot, 1981.  
42. Shellard, A.: "Geraniums", David & Charles, Newton Abbot, 1984.  
43. Stackhouse, S.: "The Australian house and garden book of geraniums", Australian house and garden book no. 4, Sportshelf, New Rochelle, N.Y.  
44. Taylor, J.: "Geraniums and pelargoniums : the complete guide to cultivation, propagation, and exhibition", Crowood Press, Ramsbury, Marlborough, Wiltshire, 1988. 
45. Taylor, J.: "Pelargoniums : for colour and variety", Crowood Press, Ramsbury, Marlborough, Wiltshire, 1990. 
46. van der Walt, J. J. A.: "Pelargoniums of Southern Africa", Vol. 1, Purnell, Cape Town, 1977 (POSA1).
47. van der Walt, J. J. A.: "Pelargoniums of Southern Africa", Vol. 2, Juta, Cape Town, 1977 (POSA2).
48. van der Walt, J. J. A., Vorster P. J.: "Pelargoniums of Southern Africa including some representative species from other parts of the worldincluding some representative species from other parts of the world", Vol. 3, Kirstenbosch National Botanic Gardens, 1988 (POSA3).
49. Webb, William J.: "The Palragonium Family. The Species of Pelargonium , Monsonia and Sarcocaulon", Croom Helm, London, 1984. ISBN 0709927347. 
50. White, J. W. (Ed.): "Geraniums IV : the growers manual", 4th ed., Ball Pub., Geneva, Ill., 1993. 
51. Wilson, H. Van Pelt: "Geraniums, pelargoniums, for windows and gardens.", 3rd ed., M. Barrows, New York, 1957. 
52. Wilson, H. Van Pelt: "The joy of geraniums; the standard guide to the selection, culture, and use of the pelargonium", M. Barrows, New York, 1965. 
53. Wilson, H. Van Pelt: "Geraniums, pelargoniums for windows and gardens", W. Morrow & Co., New York, 1972. 
54. Wilson, H. Van Pelt: "The joy of geraniums : the standard guide to the selection, culture, and use of the pelargonium", Morrow Quill Paperbacks, New York, 1980. 
55. Wood, H. J.: "Pelargoniums : a complete guide to their cultivation", 2nd ed., Faber, London, 1966.